The Process of Curriculum Change | Curriculum Development

The Process of Curriculum Change | Picture from Pixabay: Public Domain Pictures 

Table of Contents
Introduction	Purpose of change in curriculum
What is curriculum?	Stages of curriculum change
Concept of change	Type of curriculum change
Factors of curriculum change	Conclusion
Reference

Introduction

In the field of safeguarding an academic future of Pakistan, is striving to provide awareness, education, higher education and research. There is no conscious denial of the fact that only education can be obtained and this is the study of collective change which is really a process of national development in which there is a rapid national and collective change. It is not necessary that this higher curriculum be a higher teaching staff which is its influence but the process of effective communication is an academic movement will be needed. Because of the staff, it select our teaching staff to guide our students. Our departments are living up to the times, which is reflected in modern research and benefits the whole world. Along with this, one has to take advantage of modern facilities in the educational and teaching process. It is fortunate that our Department of Education and Tactics is pointing to an important struggle, we have understood the power of its critical awareness and it is also that the effect of practical strategy is required by strategy. This realization has played a dynamic role in the educational development of this nation.

What is curriculum?

A syllabus is a set or document that describes what compounds an educational course, whether school, college, University, vocational, recreational, health, or any other type, contains. What are the aims and objectives of, what its expectations are and what should be done by those who study or adopt it?  The curriculum mentions subjects.  In a country like Pakistan, for example, English, Urdu and a local language are usually taught at the school level in almost all schools. In addition, science, mathematics and social sciences are also considered essential.  These subjects are taught in every class of schools, but the content is different at each level.  In the study of languages, first of all, alphabetization, word formation, phraseology, essays, letter writing, biographies, etc. all increase from level to level.  In science, general information is emphasized first.  By the end of school, children participate in scientific experiments and instrumentation.  In the social sciences, ordinary people were gradually taught history, citizenship, geography, etc., starting with the introduction of family and relationships.  Similarly, at the college level, at the graduate level, the focus is usually on certain subjects.  For example, a BA student may study Indian history, sub continental history, and world history.  But when the same person does his MA, he will probably focus on a single subject, such as the history of India.  Then there may be several sub-articles on this subject, such as the culture of the ancient Indus Valley, the history of the Aryans, the history of ancient India, Islam in India, the history of the Mochas, British India, the history of independent India, etc.

Concept of change

The strongest criticism of the curriculum taught at various levels is that it has become irrelevant to the requirements of the present age and has become stagnant at a particular time. This criticism is not from the general public, but from teachers, researchers and it is done by policy makers. Before we talk about the reality and validity of this criticism of the curriculum, it would be better to try to understand the term curriculum. 

Curriculum is synonymous with curriculum in English which literally means race course, because like curriculum, curriculum determines the scope of educational activities in an educational institution. 

The metaphor of the race course has changed over time into the metaphor of the Straight Jacket. Teachers feel the grip of it, but the majority of teachers are not aware of it and this document remains lying in a closet or shelf.  Direct contact with textbooks 

Curriculum means textbooks.  Most teachers complain that the curriculum is imposed on them, so they have to follow it wholeheartedly, so they are mentally captivated by the idea that they are slaves to the curriculum, so they are in the classroom.  Can't even imagine doing something new their own.

This is an outdated concept of curriculum in which the curriculum emerges as a mere static document. Thus, this complex process is presented as an extraordinarily simple concept. This misleading concept of curriculum is new to every Awakens the desire to create a new curriculum in government.

Factors of curriculum change:

There are few factors of curriculum which are described below:

1.     Explosion of knowledge

2.     Community

3.     Society

4.     Socio political factor

5.     Economic factor

Explosion of knowledge

The academic man hears a good deal about explosions population, technological. There is another explosion however, which presses closer on the academic man the any of these. This is the “knowledge explosion”. The academic man has now been deprived of this rationale by the new theory of knowledge, which hold the reality is infinitely complex, that each deeper man goes in any academic discipline the more numerous and that complex are the question which he faces, and that beyond the fitful flickers of learning torch lies an ever deeper and darker void luring the investigator into impenetrable realms of mystery.

Community

Education is an important component for the development of a country and a society. Education not only makes a person wise but also gives him an opportunity to solve the obstacles that arise in the society and to think about important issues.  An estimated 5.7 million children are unable to get an education, largely due to poverty.  People are neglecting education and solving other problems of their lives which hinder the development of a country. One of the main objectives of children's education is to provide children with all the necessities so that they can succeed in their goal.  To be able.  Considering education as a fundamental and important component, they send their children to schools for education so that they can become the best future of this country and society and add to the path of development of the country.

Society

The higher the literacy rate in a society and the higher the number of educated people, the better its effects on all walks of life.  Elements that are an integral part of social capital play an important role in spreading education, such as the efforts of family, community and government to increase the number of literate people

Socio political factors

Knowledge of its sources, development, organization and study of institutions.  It is a social science that develops a knowledge framework on social order, disorder and social change through various experimental investigative methods and critical studies.  The general goal of an sociologist is to conduct research that applies directly to social policy and well-being, but the knowledge of sociology also includes improving the conceptual understanding of the social process.  Thematic content covers everything from the role and actions of the individual to the understanding of the whole system and social structure.         

Economic factor

Education is a social process.  It has four main components which are education objectives, curriculum, teaching methods and review.  The most important of these is the recognition of the "curriculum" which is also called the heart of education.  Objectives Education If the mark is the destination or the destination, then the curriculum is the path to the destination on which a person walks to reach his destination.

Curriculum development consists of several stages. It starts with the analysis of social needs and objectives and goes through the process of educational materials, teaching methods and reviews. The preparation of the curriculum is not a static process.  On the contrary, along with the needs of the society, change is inevitable.

Purpose of change in curriculum

Its primary purpose is to train the mind in such a way that the student is able to form correct opinions freely and with all relevant issues in mind and develops his / her ability to deal with future problems wisely.  ۔  The question is, does our curriculum have all these qualities?  Of course, the answer is no, because we have failed to produce a majority of students who speak with research and validation and are based on facts.  This is the identity of an educated person.

Stages of curriculum change

There are three stages of curriculum change which are described as follows: 

Aim in which thoughts for change are dispatched and choice are made with respect to the nature, heading and surviving of progress. Legitimating in which articulation in the interest of progress is being imparted. The third stage includes compatibility of the different frameworks of qualities held by the individual or people looking to make change and by the individual or people who are the objectives or human subjects of the proposed change.

In my country, the problems are gradually increasing with the passage of time. Every institution blames the other for its own destruction, but no attention has been paid to reform.  Many governments came with golden dreams but left with horrible interpretations. The basic institutions that are the backbone of any country and nation, including education, health, employment, are at the forefront. These sectors have also been neglected and exposed to new experiences.  Education and health are the two basic factors on which the development of nations depends.  Knowledge removes the darkness of ignorance and opens the closed doors of social and economic development.  To assess its importance, look at the developed forces. They are ahead of us every year because their first priority is education and health for their citizens. The success of these two things has made them a civilized and powerful nation while no concrete and comprehensive policy has been formulated for the education sector in Pakistan so far. The best government educational institutions were set up in the capital Islamabad, which gave the impression that the government wanted development in the field of education and all children would have access to these opportunities without any discrimination.  The Federal Directorate of Education, run by the Ministry of Education, Islamabad and all the school colleges in the Federal Area, numbering in the hundreds, were in black and white. At that time, these schools were divided into three grades: (1) Federal Government Schools, (2) Federal Government Model Schools (3) Model Colleges and Schools As Islamabad is a class city, your status can be gauged from your residential sector

Types of curriculum change

Many types of change have a lot to do with the amount of power the different players involved have, three types of change which are as follows:

1.     Planned change

2.     Coercion

3.     Interaction change

Planned Change: In this type of change, Uniform curriculum based on the ideology of Pakistan should be introduced in government and non-government educational institutions across the country, curriculum development and education planning should be handed over to the central government through constitutional amendment, foreign NGOs should be given education policies.  Interference in the formation, curriculum and teacher training programs should be stopped, separate institutions should be set up for students instead of co-educational institutions and Islamic civilization should be made a part of education

Coercion: The student has to do of half an hour of homework. The main purpose of the curriculum is to highlight the hidden creativity of the children. No child is discriminated against. Every child's self-esteem is taken care of.  Children are trained to see, think, and understand. They maximum are taught to present the experiences of seeing, understanding, thinking and learning in their own words. In our educational institutions, children are forced to memorize if any student when I try to answer a question, the nature of the teachers becomes very important and they start telling the students, "Don't try to be more intelligent." We need to prepare our own curriculum and make educational policy.  Time is needed to guide and consult such people.

According to this modern concept of curriculum, every action and practice of the teacher on campus becomes a curriculum.  To explain this concept, we need to understand the term Hidden Curriculum.  Many things' behaviors or values ​​are not part of the curriculum document 'but are imperceptibly transferred to students' minds.  For example in the syllabus;  If the teacher lectures on punctuality, 'explains its benefits', but he himself comes late to class, then the teacher's action will be more important in the minds of the students.  Thus the teacher's action is more important than the goals written in the curriculum.
Interaction Change: We have to redefine the curriculum to bring out the dynamic aspect of the curriculum.  According to Canadian educators Connelly and Clendenin; the various components of the curriculum are synthetic, including teachers, students, teaching materials, the school environment, and the examination system.  Curriculum is actually the name of the interaction between these components.  The modern concept of curriculum is not static, but a living and dynamic concept that is born every day.  This concept also points to the obvious and hidden aspects of its internal curriculum.

The role of the teacher is central to the modern concept of curriculum.  Every action and deed of his becomes a syllabus. A good teacher can also expand the given curriculum and make the educational process more effective by giving examples from ordinary life and students' personal lives.  In this way, the teacher, like a catalyst, can make the students' teaching materials, interaction system and the school environment meaningful.

Conclusion

We are striving to provide awareness, education, higher education and research. The curriculum mentions subjects.  In a country like India, for example, English, Hindi and a local language are usually taught at the school level in almost all schools.  In addition, science, mathematics and social sciences are also considered essential. Education is an important component for the development of a country and a society. Change is constant law of nature. It always brings improvement and occurs continuously. 

References

The process of curriculum change has written with the help study few articles from well known websites such as Educational research techniques, Link springer, Jstor, Edglossary, Pinterest, and Slideshare. 

Moomal Bhatti