Introduction
It is an etymology when words are derived from
their roots. Same as the word “madarssa” is derived from the triconsonantal Semitic
root, which is D-R-S (daras), the word D-R-S means to learn, to study. By using
the template maf’al means a place where something is done or something occurs.
In short, we can say that the word “madrassa” accurately means a place where
studying and learning take place, it is a place of study where someone joins to
learn. The madrassa is a part of a mosque which is also known as a Muslim school or Muslim
institute where Islamic education is given to Muslim students. The word Islam
is driven by the Arabic word Islam which literally means “submission”, a Muslim
soul is submitted to Allah. While the word education is derived from the Latin word
educere which means bringing out the hidden skills of learners.
The existence of Islamic schools is the most
important need of the time and the guarantor of the survival of religion and
the strongholds of the protection of religion. After the migration of the Holy
Prophet (PBUH) from Madina, Safa-e-Islam remained the madrassa where a group of
regular Companions used to reside and learn from the Holy Prophet (PBUH). It
was as if this was the first boarding school in Islam, where the Taliban, the
group of the sciences of prophethood, lived. They had no regular food and
drink system. Busy, after the era of Prophet hood, even in the time of the
Companions, such madrassas continued to be established and taught in various
places, from where great commentators, narrators, jurists, imams, and writers
and poets were born, and He made every effort to exalt the religion, introduced
the religion correctly, clarified the reality of Islam among the people, and
strengthened the bond between mankind and Allah, that chain of madrasa
gradually reached us, Islam.
As religious schools are very common it
provides a lot of features to Muslim life. These religious schools are commonly known as a madrassa. The focus on the teaching of the Quran, Sunnah, and other Islamic
knowledge in madrasa is very general.
Madrasa has a long history which begins from
the birth of Islam while in the 17th century, the Muslims who are curious to
acquire Islamic knowledge or religious education, joined mosques where the
Muslims teachers provide them knowledge and instruction about Islam. Where
everyone gets free-of-cost education.
The term madrsa has various meanings. In Arabic
generally, the term madrasa is given to any school but used to highlight the
specific school. Madarsa primary schools known as maktabs are attached to
the mosques which give very basic education for example reading and
memorization of the Quran.
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| The role of madrassas in the 21st century By Moomal Bhatti |
There are various types of marsas as
followings:
1. Deobandi
madrsas (known as wafaq ul madaris al arabia)
2. Barelvi
madrsas( known as tanzeem ul madaaris)
3. Ahl-e-Hadith
madrsas (known as wafaq ul madaris al salafia)
4. Shia
madrsas (known as wafaq ul madaris al shia)
5. Jamaat
– e – islami madrsas (known as Rabita ul Madaris al islamia)
As in the madarsa education, there are different
levels are mentioned with different titles,, such as:
1. Primary
education is known as Hifzor tajweed-wa-Qirat or ibtedia
2. Middle
school is known as Mutawassita
3. Secondary
school certificate(SSC) is known as Sanviya Aama
4. Higher
secondary school certificate is known as Sanaviya Khassa and above
Those who have sanaviya khassa can continue their higher education within the madrasa or in the other formal sectors. Madarsa is mostly managed and runs on a charity basis. Also, the Pakistan government gives financial help to madarsa.
Madras also taught scientific subjects and
Islamic subjects. In madrasa, the teachers
emphasized the memory of texts and teachers help the learners to minimize
errors in Islamic and religious understanding.
These religious schools spread in society
very quickly. During the middle ages only five percent of learners learned how
to read and write, a huge number of madrassas spread literacy among the
communities of the middle ages.
Today madrasas are very dominant in Pakistan,
according to world bank research today almost 20,000 madaris are registered
while a lot of unregistered but these all are growing in the whole world. Mostly poor
families as well good families choose madrasas as a primary education institution as they can impart Islamic and religious knowledge to their
children. Poor families enrolled their children in Madaras because they provide
free-of-cost education.
There are few characteristics of madrasas are
mentioned below:
1. At Pakistan's independence in 1947 there was around 245 madaris in the
country.
2. In
the period of Zia-ul-Haq, the number of madaris increased.
3. Madarsas are controlled by their personal organizations or boards.
Literature review
The Role
of Madrassas in the Society in 21st Century
It is no secret that religious schools are
playing a very positive role in society. With the promotion of education, there
is an effective system of intellectual and practical training for students. Along
with their higher education and training, this is the identity of religious
values, civilization, and culture in the society. They are also the cause of
change in society due to invitation and practical life. Their existence is a
beautiful appearance of Islam.
Madrassa plays important role in society in
today's 21st century, madrassa promotes peace and harmony in society as every
individual peacefully lives in a society without any conflicts. It promotes the
obedience of Allah Almighty and the prophet Muhammad (PBUH) in the form of true
believers. Madrassa taught us the kalma Tayyab which gives shreds of evidence
that there no one is like for worship except Allah and Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)
is His messenger. Madrassa teaches us the Quran, it helps every individual to
understand the Quran by reciting it with translation. Madrassa teaches us and
makes us aware of our responsibilities as Muslims. It helps every individual in
solving their problems with the help of critical thinking. It prepares students
for a life of sincerity and purity as they cannot make any sins, as they
purify their body and soul by worshiping Allah and his messenger.
Role of
Madarssa as a religious school
Religious schools, like other educational
institutions, have a system and curriculum. It is also a complete organization
and operates under its own rules and regulations. The syllabus of religious
madrassas has been prepared to keep in view a specific purpose i.e. religious
guidance, preaching, and its publication. Most people in Pakistan think that
the educational qualifications of a religious scholar are no more than a
matriculation student. And they always complain about why scholars jump into every
field in society. People complain that religious students should be taught
science subjects including biology, chemistry, mathematics, English, etc. However,
those who are aware of the psychology of education are well aware that today
education is divided into different parts, which is why there are many
faculties in the university.
Hazrat Maulana Syed Abu Al-Hassan Ali Hassani
Nadvi (may Allah have mercy on him) while praising the Madrassa said: The
Madrassa is the largest workshop where human operating and humanitarian work is
done. The powerhouse of the Islamic world is the place from which electricity
is distributed to the Islamic population but also the human population.
There is a madrassa and a factory where the
heart, eyes, and mind are absorbed. The whole of human life is monitored. The
Madrasa is the largest workplace where humanization and demobilization work
takes place, where the preachers of the religion and the soldiers of Islam are
trained. There is a madrasa and a factory where the heart and eyes and the mind
and the brain meet.
It is an unforgettable event in Islamic history
that whenever a critical period befalls the Muslim Ummah, its religious and
national existence is endangered or it becomes a path of religion and faith If
any individual or a collective attempt was made to remove it from the path of
Islam, it was only the scholars and sages of these madrassas who resisted it.
The one and a half hundred-year history of
India is a golden monument to the great sacrifices of these scholars and
madrassas. And events have further increased the importance and necessity of
these madrassas. The wealth that we Muslims are spending in running these
madrassas is being spent on the best people of the nation.
Because of the eight principles chosen by the
founder of Darul Uloom, the madrassas of the country do not have any permanent
income but the special grace of Allah Almighty's cooperation covers the expenses
of these madrassas. At present, there is an outbreak of Coronavirus all over
the world and a lockdown has been announced in our country to prevent this
outbreak. The arrival of the holy month of Ramadan has also taken place during
this lockdown. At present, the situation in the country is such that the poor
are more worried about hunger and starvation than the coronavirus, which you
are entitled to. Well, you are generously cooperating with the needy, which is
a great virtue of yours. In the holy month of Ramadan, there are Islamic
schools where ambassadors and servants come to serve you.
Conclusion
In general, Madrassa is a school of maintenance
that maintain and purify the soul, body, and thoughts of a Muslim, it provides
the platform where someone gets Islamic learning. The people of the madrassas
pray for all of you, may Allah almighty grant you the blessings and accept Ramadan
and its acts of worship on our behalf and include us among his forgiving
servants. Eliminate all sick people, grant them perfect and immediate healing,
and make us one of his chosen servants. Amen. Contact the superintendent
for more information.
The role of madrassas in the 21st century By Moomal Bhatti
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